Guidelines for looking at art
INTRODUCTION
We all look at what is around us, but do we fully appreciate & truly SEE? Everything we look at & think about we are experiencing from a 21st century perspective. All that has come before our time affects our vision, so, in a way, we are looking through jaded eyes, as one of my students put it. We also have the excitement of knowing more & more about past civilizations as new excavations continue to give us more information about how people lived before & how we’ve gotten to where the world is now.
DESCRIPTION
Note the title of work, name of artist, date of completion, size of work (height x width x depth) medium (painting---oil, acrylic, watercolor, etc., drawing---chalk pastel, conte crayon, etc., sculpture--marble, clay, etc. format (horizontal or vertical) single piece or composed of several units, representational, non-representational or abstract.
Consider the items listed below to describe in detail the work of art you are analyzing. You must be objective; your personal interpretation comes at the end of the paper. If the work is representational, you can begin by describing the subject--objects, people, etc. If it is abstract, you will begin by describing what is shown---colors, shapes, etc.
Take notes while looking at the artwork using the following reference to help you clarify what you want to focus on.
THE ELEMENTS & PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
unity
emhasis/focal point
balance
scale/proportion
illusion of space
illusion of motion
rhythm
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN
line
shape/volume
texture
color
value
ICONOGRAPHY (SUBJECT MATTER)
Description of what the work of art depicts. This can be simple and direct, or obscure and obtuse.
COLOR SCHEME
Bright or dull hues (name the colors), high or low contrast, gradual changes or abrupt. Warm, cool, a combination of both. Primaries, secondaries, complementaries, analogous colors, tertiaries, etc. Use of local color or expressive use of color.
EMPHASIS & FOCAL POINT
How does the artist guide you through the work; what is most important? Think about repeated colors, lines, textures, shapes, objects, etc.
repeated
repeated
VALUE
Relative lightness & darkness. Use of light--abrupt changes, gradual, high or low contrast, focused in a specific area
TEXTURE
Actual or implied. Smooth, rough, etc. Is there really texture, or is there a faux texture that looks real but isn’t?
SHAPE
Variety or the same repeated. Geometric, organic, combination of the two. Repeated shapes--name them. Distorted imagery or realistic. What shape(s) dominate?
LINE ------------------!!!!!!!!!!!!!/////////
Horizontals, verticals, diagonals. Thick, thin, heavy, light, straight, curvilinear, jagged, long, short, continuous, broken, implied, emphasized or minimized. Use of cross-hatching, stippling, scribbling, outline or define forms?
SPACE
Is there illusion of depth? If so, what means is used to convey this: linear, aerial, reverse perspective, foreshortening. Open or closed shapes. Symmetrical or asymmetrical balance. Dominating shapes, colors, how the space is utilized. Movement, stillness, rhythm, proportion, scale.
CONTENT
What do you think the artist is trying to convey? Based on your formal analysis, decide what the work is about. Consider which of the visual elements (color, line, shape, etc.) are most important; this may give you a clue to the content.
PERSONAL MEANING AND IMPACT
This is your subjective opinion. Based on all of your observations, what is your response to the work? Do you like or dislike it? WHY? Does it make you think? Which aspects of it most strongly influenced your response?